In the world of aviation, the Dassault Falcon 50 stands as a symbol of opulence, elegance, and technological advancement. This French super-midsize, long-range business jet has captured the hearts of many with its trijet layout and unique S-duct air intake for the central engine. While it shares the same fuselage cross-section and seating capacity as its predecessor, the twin-engined Falcon 20, the Falcon 50 is a marvel of modern design, featuring area ruling and a sophisticated wing configuration. Let’s take a closer look at this remarkable aircraft, from its inception to its various incarnations and its role in both civilian and military operations.
The Birth of the Falcon 50
The journey of the Falcon 50 began with its first prototype taking to the skies on 7th November 1976. French airworthiness certification was granted on 27th February 1979, followed closely by U.S. Federal Aviation Administration certification on 7th March 1979. This marked the official entry of the Falcon 50 into the world of aviation, where it would soon make a name for itself as a high-performing, long-range business jet.
But the story doesn’t end there. Dassault went on to develop a specialized version of the Falcon 50 tailored for maritime surveillance and environmental protection, known as the Gardian 50. This adaptation showcased the aircraft’s versatility and suitability for various roles beyond business travel.
Evolution: Falcon 50EX
The Falcon 50EX, an enhanced iteration of the Falcon 50, made its debut in 1996, setting a new standard for business aviation. The last Falcon 50EX was delivered in 2008, marking the culmination of this remarkable line of aircraft. The 50EX featured upgraded engines and various enhancements that further extended its already impressive range. This variant was assigned to serial numbers 253-352, signifying the end of the Falcon 50/50EX production line.
The Future Unfolds: Falcon 7X and Falcon 900
As the Falcon 50 gracefully stepped back from the limelight, it paved the way for its successors – the Falcon 7X and Falcon 900. Both models retained the characteristic three-engine arrangement, offering a larger fuselage and even more advanced features. Dassault, in a bold move, revealed plans for a replacement aircraft for the Falcon 50, codenamed the “SMS” (Super Mid Size). The design process, including engine selection, was initially slated for completion by early 2009. However, a press conference in June 2009 saw CEO Charles Edelstenne announce that all design choices were being reevaluated, extending the project timeline.
Innovative Additions: Blended Winglets
Dassault, in collaboration with Aviation Partners Inc., introduced High Mach blended winglets for the Falcon 50 & 50EX as a retrofit kit. These additions enhanced the aircraft’s performance and efficiency, further underlining its status as a technological marvel in the aviation industry.
Economic Considerations
For those with aspirations of owning a Falcon 50, the aircraft market offers options. As of 2018, Falcon 50s from the mid-late 1980s were available at prices ranging from $0.879 to $1.6 million. Meanwhile, 1998-2003 Falcon 50EXs were listed between $2.95 to $3.95 million. These price ranges reflect the aircraft’s enduring appeal and continued relevance in the market.
Variants of the Falcon 50
The Falcon 50 boasts several variants, each catering to specific needs and preferences. The basic Falcon 50, with Honeywell TFE 731-3-1C engines and an optional auxiliary power unit, was the initial model with 252 units produced. It also served as the prototype for the Falcon 50EX. The Falcon 50EX, characterized by its Digital Electronic Engine Control (DEEC) system and APU as standard equipment, introduced significant improvements in avionics and other areas. One distinctive variant is the Falcon 50 “Susanna,” a single aircraft modified for Iraq with radar and hardpoints to carry antiship missiles. This unique model played a role in training Mirage F1 crews and was notably involved in the attack on the USS Stark.
Falcon 50 Operators
The Falcon 50 has a diverse range of operators, primarily catering to corporate and individual owners. However, it also has a notable presence in military and government fleets. Some of the countries and organizations that have operated or continue to operate Falcon 50s include:
Benin
Bolivia
Bulgarian Air Force
Burundi
Djibouti Air Force
French Air Force
French Navy
Egyptian Air Force
Iranian Air Force and government
Iraq
Italian Air Force
Royal Jordanian Air Force
Jordanian Royal Flight
Morocco
Portuguese Air Force
Rwanda
Government of Serbia
South African Air Force
Spanish Air Force
Sudan Government
Swiss Air Force
Venezuelan Air Force
These operators showcase the aircraft’s adaptability for a variety of missions, from executive travel to military surveillance.
Accidents and Incidents
While the Falcon 50 has an impressive safety record, it has not been immune to accidents and incidents over the years. Notable incidents include the tragic event in April 1994 when the Falcon 50 carrying Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira was shot down near Kigali, triggering the Rwandan genocide. Another incident occurred in October 2014 when a Falcon 50EX collided with a snow plow during takeoff from Moscow Vnukovo Airport, resulting in the loss of all four people on board, including the CEO of Total oil and gas company, Christophe de Margerie.
Specifications of the Falcon 50EX
The Falcon 50EX boasts impressive specifications, underlining its capabilities as a long-range business jet:
Crew: 2
Capacity: 8 to 9 passengers, with a payload of 1,080 kg (2,381 lb) when fully fueled
Length: 18.52 m (60 ft 9 in)
Wingspan: 18.86 m (61 ft 11 in)
Height: 6.98 m (22 ft 11 in)
Wing area: 46.83 m² (504.1 sq ft)
Max takeoff weight: 18,008 kg (39,701 lb)
Max Landing Weight: 16,200 kg (35,715 lb)
Powerplant: 3 Honeywell TFE 731-40 turbofan engines, each providing 16.46 kN (3,700 lbf) thrust
Maximum speed: 1,015 km/h (631 mph) or Mach 0.86
Cruise speed: 903 km/h (561 mph) at 15,000 m (49,000 ft)
Range: 5,695 km (3,539 mi)
Service ceiling: 14,936 m (49,003 ft)
Rate of climb: 10.433 m/s (2,053.7 ft/min)
Take-off run: 1,504 m (4,934 ft)
Landing run: 685 m (2,247 ft)
In conclusion, the Dassault Falcon 50, with its rich history and ongoing legacy, is a remarkable testament to human ingenuity in the world of aviation. This French super-midsize, long-range business jet has carved a special niche for itself, blending luxury, performance, and versatility in a way that few other aircraft can match. From its inception in the late 1970s to its evolution with the Falcon 50EX and its various specialized variants, the Falcon 50 has continued to set the standard for super-midsize jets.
The Falcon 50’s influence extends beyond the realm of business aviation. It has found a place in the military and government fleets of various countries, showcasing its adaptability for a wide range of missions. From maritime surveillance to training exercises and even specialized attack roles, the Falcon 50 has proven its mettle.
It’s important to note that no aircraft is without its challenges, and the Falcon 50 has faced its share of accidents and incidents. Yet, its overall safety record is a testament to the commitment of its operators and the continuous advancements in aviation technology and safety protocols.
As the Falcon 50’s story unfolds, its significance endures. Whether it’s soaring through the skies on a transcontinental business trip or serving a vital role in military operations, this aircraft is a symbol of excellence and sophistication. Its specifications, impressive performance, and adaptability have made it a beloved choice among those who value both luxury and efficiency in air travel.
Looking ahead, the Falcon 50’s legacy continues to shape the aviation industry. Its successors, such as the Falcon 7X and Falcon 900, inherit the trijet arrangement and push the boundaries of what’s possible in the world of aviation. Even as new innovations emerge, the Falcon 50 stands as a testament to the enduring impact of this remarkable aircraft.
In the years to come, the Falcon 50 will continue to inspire and captivate aviation enthusiasts, reminding us that the sky is not the limit but a canvas for human innovation and achievement. With its unique design, impressive performance, and unwavering legacy, the Dassault Falcon 50 remains an icon in the world of aviation, where elegance and engineering meet the boundless skies.
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